There is an ongoing national research project in Japan in the priority area of a Grant in Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (so-called Monkasho Grant), which started in September 2006 under the title of ``Giant Straining Process for Advanced Materials Containing Ultra-High Density Lattice Defects''. The present special issue includes many contributions from the members of the project. It also includes several papers which will be presented in ``The International Symposium on Giant Straining Process for Advanced Materials (GSAM2008)'' held in Fukuoka from November 21 to 24, 2008 (http://www.congre.co.jp/gsam2008). Thus, this special issue provides an opportunity to collect formal reports for the national research project in the last two years and also to publish papers as a part of proceedings for the symposium of GSAM2008.
It is well known that significant refinement of the microstructure is achieved in metallic materials using the processes of severe plastic deformation (SPD) such as equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP), accumulative roll bonding (ARB), high-pressure torsion (HPT) and multi-directional forging (MDF). High strength and high ductility may be attained simultaneously when the materials are processed by SPD. This special issue focuses on understanding the mechanisms for the microstructural refinement and the simultaneous achievement of high strength and high ductility. Several papers of this issue are concerned with theoretical approach including simulation for the microstructural refinement. In particular, direct comparison of experimental observation and analysis with theoretical calculation and simulation is raised in this issue. We are sure that this issue is the first attempt to edit such a comparison in the study of SPD.
We hope that this special issue serves to promote research activity in the filed of materials science and technology. Although current topics are mostly based on fundamental research, they will be more practical issues in the near future as we need to develop materials for supporting our environment. The SPD process should be a key technology for such a development.
Finally, we are very grateful to all authors who contributed to providing latest information from their research work. We also thank very much reviewers for spending their valuable time for many useful comments and suggestions.
November 14, 2008
(Received ; Accepted ; Published )
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